Emotional state of patients with mild traumatic brain injury

Venera Kemelova; Dzhamalbek Turgumbaev; Gulina Sydykova; Gulzira Baigazhanova

doi:10.51248/.v43i5.3375

Authors

Venera Kemelova
Dzhamalbek Turgumbaev
Gulina Sydykova
Gulzira Baigazhanova

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i5.3375

Keywords:

Traumatic brain injury, emotional state, anxiety, depression, psychotherapy, mixed anxiety-depressive disorder

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Psychological effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are frequently present in addition to neurological deficits. The purpose of this study is to assess the emotional state of patients with mild TBI in the remote period.

Methods: This study included 78 patients aged 22–53 years with a reliably established diagnosis of mild TBI, with damage duration ranging from 1–5 years. The mean age was (34.6±3.2 years). To determine the level of anxiety, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale was used.

Results: The testing revealed that patients with suicidal thoughts had a significantly higher level of anxiety (34.2%) than the patients with TBI in the main group (27.5%). Comparative analysis between the two groups showed that the uselessness was more characteristic for suicides (22.8±0.14), who considered themselves completely useless than patients with TBI (20.6±1.36) with reliability (t = 4.2; p<0.001).

Conclusion: Due to the damage that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can do to the body, especially to mental health, it is important to use medical and psychosocial rehabilitation as early as possible in the treatment stage to figure out the type and severity of the psychoemotional disorder and correct the psychosomatic state using psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic effects.

Author Biographies

Venera Kemelova

Department of Neurology, Medical Rehabilitation Center Kyrgyz Research Institute of Balneology and Rehabilitation Treatment, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Dzhamalbek Turgumbaev

Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Kyrgyz State Medical Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training named after S. B. B. B. Daniyarova, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Gulina Sydykova

Department of Psychology, Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Gulzira Baigazhanova

Department of Psychology, Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

References

Salmond, C. H., Menon, D. K., Chatfield, D. A., Pickard, J. D., Sahakian, B. J. Deficits in decision-making in head injury survivors. J Neurotrauma. 2005;22(6):613-622.

Salmond, C. H., Menon, D. K., Chatfield, D. A., Pickard, J. D., Sahakian, B. J. Cognitive reserve as a resilience factor against depression after moderate/severe head injury. J Neurotrauma. 2006;23(7):1049-1058.

Paraschakis, A., Katsanos, A. H. Antidepressants for depression associated with traumatic brain injury: a meta-analytical study of randomised controlled trials. East Asian Arch Psychiatry. 2017;27(4):142-149.

Bandelow, B., Michaelis, S. Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015; 17(3):327-335.

Gould, K. R., Ponsford, J. L., Johnston, L., Schönberger, M. The nature, frequency and course of psychiatric disorders in the first year after traumatic brain injury: a prospective study. Psychol Med. 2011;41(10):2099-2109.

Yethindra, V., Tagaev, T. Decreased mortality among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients who underwent anticoagulant therapy with heparin. Indian J Pharmacol. 2020; 52(4):337–338.

Vityala, Y., Kadyrova, A., Zhumabaeva, S., Bazarbaeva, A., Mamatov, S. Use of B-complex vitamins and olfactory training for treating COVID-19-related anosmia. Clin Case Rep. 2021;9(11): e05069.

Vityala, Y., Mamytova, E., Turgumbaev, D., Kadyrova, A., Toktomametova, A., Zholdoshev, E., et al., Clinical features of acute ischemic stroke in moderately and severely ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Biomedicine (India). 2021;41(2):397-400.

Porter, C., Favara, M., Hittmeyer, A., Scott, D., Sánchez Jiménez, A., Ellanki, R., et al., Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression symptoms of young people in the global south: evidence from a four-country cohort study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(4):e049653.

Lakhan, R., Agrawal, A., Sharma, M. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress during COVID-19 pandemic. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2020;11(4):519-525.

Zhu, C., Zhang, T., Li, Q., Chen, X., Wang, K. Depression and anxiety during the covid-19 pandemic: epidemiology, mechanism, and treatment. Neurosci Bull. 2023;39(4):675-684.

Stålnacke, B. M. Community integration, social support and life satisfaction in relation to symptoms 3 years after mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2007;21(9):933-942.

Howlett, J. R., Nelson, L. D., Stein, M. B. Mental health consequences of traumatic brain injury. Biol Psychiatry.2022; 91(5):413-420.

Goldstein, F. C., Levin, H. S., Goldman, W. P., Clark, A. N., Altonen, T. K. Cognitive and neurobehavioral functioning after mild versus moderate traumatic brain injury in older adults. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2001;7(3):373-383.

Jorge, R. E., Arciniegas, D. B. Mood disorders after TBI. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2014;37(1):13-29.

Gonschorek, A. S., Schwenkreis, P., Guthke, T. Mental disorders after mild traumatic brain injury. Nervenarzt. 2016; 87(5):567-579.

Taylor, J. A personality scale of manifest anxiety. J Abnorm Psychol. 1953;48(2):285-290.

Ciurli, P., Formisano, R., Bivona, U., Cantagallo, A., Angelelli, P. Neuropsychiatric disorders in persons with severe traumatic brain injury: prevalence, phenomenology, and relationship with demographic, clinical, and functional features. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2011;26(2):116-126.

Kaufman, J., Charney, D. Comorbidity of mood and anxiety disorders. Depress Anxiety. 2000;12 Suppl 1:69-76.

Gorman J. M. Comorbid depression and anxiety spectrum disorders. Depress Anxiety. 1996;4(4):160-168.

Brady, K. T., Killeen, T. K., Brewerton, T., Lucerini, S. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61 Suppl 7:22-32.

Pompili, M., Sher, L., Serafini, G., Forte, A., Innamorati, M., Dominici, G., et al., Post traumatic stress disorder and suicide risk among veterans: a literature review. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2013;201(9):802-812.

Shepherd, D., Taylor, S., Csako, R., Liao, A. T., Duncan, R. Predictors of suicide ideation and attempt planning in a large sample of new zealand help-seekers. Front Psychiatry. 2022; 13:794775.

Beck, A. T., Brown, G., Berchick, R. J., Stewart, B. L., Steer, R. A. Relationship between hopelessness and ultimate suicide: a replication with psychiatric outpatients. Am J Psychiatry. 1990;147(2):190-195.

Feigelman, W., Cerel, J., McIntosh, J. L., Brent, D., Gutin, N. Suicide exposures and bereavement among american adults: evidence from the 2016 general social survey. J Affect Disord. 2018;227:1-6.

Mathieu, S., Todor, R., De Leo, D., Kõlves, K. Coping styles utilized during suicide and sudden death bereavement in the first six months. Int J Environ Res Public Health.2022; 19(22):14709.