Volume: 43 Issue: 2
Year: 2023, Page: 610-614, Doi: https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i02.2630
Introduction and Aim: Climacteric syndrome (CS) is observed in 50–80% of women over 50 years of age, which is related to the most common age-specific diseases in women. The objective of this study is to evaluate social and biological factors of the development of menopausal disorders and their incidence in women from Kyrgyzstan.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 1465 women aged between 35–64 years. Premenopausal and postmenopausal (<10 years) women from Kyrgyzstan were included and women with surgical menopause were excluded from this study.
Results: The mean age of perimenopause and postmenopause onset was 44.4 ± 3.66 years and 48.26 ± 3.87 years. Analysing gynecologic history in examined women reported that 46% and 25.5% suffered from menstrual disorders and premenstrual syndrome. Considering comorbidities, in examined women hypertension (48.9%), thyroid gland diseases (50.2%), gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary system diseases (39.6%), obesity (36.9%), and urinary system diseases (26.6%) were observed.
Conclusion: Even though there are some researchers who studied social and biological factors of the development of menopausal disorders, their nature, and incidence in women from Kyrgyzstan, this study is necessary for solving the problems in medical care and management of CS in women with comorbidities and gynecologic histories.
Keywords: Climacteric syndrome; menopausal disorders; pre-menopause; post-menopause; gynecologic history.
1. Smetnik, V. P., Kulakov, V. I. Menopause Guidelines. Medical information agency. 2001. p.685.
2. Smetnik, V. P., Tumilovich, L. G. Non-operative gynecology. Medical information agency. 2005. p.632.
3. Repina, M. A. Menopausal Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity. Journal of Obstetrics and Women's Diseases. 2003;2(3):35-43.
4. Urudzheva, N. G., Esedova, A. E., Allakhkulieva, S. Z., Idrisova, M. A., Gadzhieva, A. M. Specifics of clinical course of metabolic syndrome in female patients during postmenopausal period. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya (Russian Federation). 2020;4: 212-214.
5. Dan’kina, V. V., Dan’kina, I. A., Chistyakov, A. A., Dan’kin, K. V. Disturbance of lipid metabolism in the background of insulin resistance in perimenopause women. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya (Russian Federation). 2020; 4: 69-70.
6. Solovieva, A. V., Kuznetsova, O. A., Smirnova, T. V. Genistein and melatonin in correcting vasomotor symptoms, sleep disorders and prevention of osteoporosis in perimenopause. Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya (Russian Federation). 2019; 7: 118-122.
7. Gamidova, A. G., Kh, T., Ésedova, A. É., Abusueva, Z. A., Gasanova, A. B. The correction of menopausal disorders in women from endemic goiter region. Russ J Hum Reprod. 2012;(2):110‑114.
8. Delaplaine, R. W., Bottomy, J. R., Blatt, M., Wiesbader, H., Kupperman, H. S. Effective control of the surgical menopause by estradiol pellet implantation at the time of surgery. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1952;94(3):323-333.
9. Pasternak, R. C. Report of the Adult Treatment Panel III: the 2001 National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines on the detection, evaluation, and treatment of elevated cholesterol in adults. Cardiol Clin. 2003;21(3):393-398.
10. Deryabina, E. G., Bashmakova, N. V., Melnichenko, G. A. Epidemiological features of thyroid pathology in women during perimenopause. Abstracts of the Russian Congress on gynecological endocrinology and menopause. Scientific programme and theses. 2004. pp. 85-86.
11. Dobordzhginidze, JI. M., Nechaev, A. C., Gratsiansky, H. A. Metabolic risk factors in women with premature coronary heart disease. Cardiology. 1999; 39(9):31-40.
12. Maichuk, E. Y., Yureneva, S. V., Vasilevitskaya, O. A. A change in lipid metabolism in women during postmenopause. Journal of obstetrics and women’s diseases. 2003; II(2): 116-121.
13. Shalina, M. A. Metabolic syndrome in older women. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2019;68(3):81–88.
14. Colditz, G. A., Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., Rosner, B., Speizer, F. E., Hennekens, C. H. Menopause and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med. 1987;316(18):1105-1110.
15. Dagenais, G. R., Yi, Q., Mann, J. F., Bosch, J., Pogue, J., Yusuf, S. Prognostic impact of body weight and abdominal obesity in women and men with cardiovascular disease. Am Heart J. 2005;149(1):54-60.
16. Han, T. S., van Leer, E. M., Seidell, J. C., Lean, M. E. Waist circumference action levels in the identification of cardiovascular risk factors: prevalence study in a random sample. BMJ. 1995;311(7017):1401-1405.
17. Peters, S. A. E., MacMahon, S., Woodward, M. Obesity as a risk factor for COVID-19 mortality in women and men in the UK biobank: Comparisons with influenza/pneumonia and coronary heart disease. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2021;23(1):258-262.
18. Zhumabekova, A., Tagaev, T., Yethindra, V., Zhumabaeva, S., Ysabaeva, D., Imankulova, B. A case report of a pregnant woman with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and her live-born infant. Biomedicine (India). 2021;40(4):551-553.
19. Weschenfelder, F., Zöllkau, J., Schohe, A., Pecks, U., Groten, T., Schaefer-Graf, U. on behalf of CRONOS-Network. Obesity during Pregnancy and SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-Case Series of the Registry Study “COVID-19 Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study” (CRONOS-Network). J. Clin. Med. 2023;12(6):2089.
20. Maltoni, G., Zioutas, M., Deiana, G., Biserni, G. B., Pession, A., Zucchini, S. Gender differences in weight gain during lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents with obesity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021;31(7):2181-2185.
Tanzilya Teppeeva, Кanysh Karymshakova, Almaz Makenjan Uulu, Altynai Zhumabekova. Social and biological factors related to the development of climacteric syndrome in women from Kyrgyzstan. Biomedicine: 2023; 43(2): 610-614