Biomedicine

Abstract

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a systemic condition impacting multiple organ functions. Hearing loss is notably prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with rates up to 85% higher than in the general population. The kidney and cochlea share anatomical, physiological, pharmacological, and pathological similarities, along with common antigenicity and genetic regulation. Both organs perform active fluid and electrolyte transport facilitated respectively by the glomerulus and stria vascularis. Studies have observed cochlear damage in ESRD patients, correlating hearing impairment with electrolyte abnormalities exacerbated by hemodialysis. Factors such as plasma viscosity changes, electrolyte imbalances, and medication toxicity further contribute to hearing loss risk in dialysis patients. Diabetes, hypertension, and medication use also play significant roles. This review underscores the intricate relationship between CKD and hearing loss, highlighting the need for comprehensive audiological monitoring and management in renal care settings. The study was conducted with sample size of 80-40 CKD patients and 40 healthy control. Pure tone audiometry was analysed in each sample along with the biochemical parameters. Significant hearing loss were observed in patients with CKD when compared with healthy control.