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Biomedicine

Volume: 44 Issue: 1

  • Open Access
  • Review Article

Unravelling the cardiovascular symphony: Decoding the intricate influence of green tea polyphenols from leaf to heart

 Priya K. S.1, Martin Lucas A.2, Dinesh Sosalagere Manjegowda3 

1Department of Biotechnology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India 

2Department of Anatomy, Dr. Chandramma Dayananda Sagar Institute of Medical Education & Research, Devarakaggalahalli, Harohalli, Kanakapura Road, Ramanagara District, 562 112, Karnataka, India 

3Department of Human Genetics, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, 560 078, Karnataka, India 

Corresponding author: Dinesh Sosalagere Manjegowda. Email: [email protected] 

Year: 2024, Page: 01-12, Doi: https://doi.org/10.51248/.v44i1.4115

Received: Nov. 12, 2023 Accepted: Jan. 10, 2024 Published: April 24, 2024

Abstract

The extensive exploration of green tea's therapeutic potential in relation to cardiovascular ailments has sparked considerable global interest. The green tea polyphenols notably EGCG, ECG, EGC, EC, and various catechins, exhibit considerable promise as agents with cardioprotective attributes. The green tea polyphenolic compounds effectively counteract the detrimental impact of reactive oxygen species while concurrently modulating intricate cellular signalling pathways, thereby ameliorating the adverse effects of oxidative stress—a pivotal contributor to cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, these compounds have demonstrated a capacity to function as antihypertensive agents, primarily through their facilitation of vasodilation, inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, and deterrence of excessive vasoconstriction. Moreover, green tea polyphenols exert their influence on lipid profiles and cholesterol metabolism, presenting an additional avenue for cardiovascular health maintenance. By inhibiting key enzymes, namely ACAT and HMG-CoA reductases, involved in cholesterol esterification and synthesis, respectively, green tea polyphenols actively contribute to the preservation of a favourable lipid profile, effectively mitigating the risk of atherosclerosis development. In evaluating the bioavailability of green tea polyphenols, it is observed that they exhibit considerable stability in gastric conditions. However, substantial metabolic transformations occur within the intestinal and hepatic milieu, consequently influencing their availability and physiological activity within the human body. This comprehensive review proffers an array of interdisciplinary methodologies, encompassing in silico modelling, omics technologies, and innovative research approaches. These multifaceted avenues possess immense potential in unravelling novel insights and enhancing therapeutic strategies. Future investigations should seek to explore captivating prospects, including the identification of specific polyphenolic constituents or synergistic combinations that exhibit pronounced cardioprotective effects, thus guiding the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. By elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning the cardiovascular effects of green tea polyphenols, a greater understanding of the therapeutic targets involved in the prevention. 

Keywords: Cardiovascular green tea; polyphenols; epigallocatechin gallate; epicatechin; lipid profile; atherosclerotic plaques

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Cite this article

Priya K. S. Martin Lucas A. Dinesh Sosalagere Manjegowda. Unravelling the cardiovascular symphony: Decoding the intricate influence of green tea polyphenols from leaf to heart. Biomedicine: 2024; 44(1): 01-12 

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